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Elections are a crucial part of a democracy. It helps citizens choose their own leader via a fair and transparent electoral process. The leaders for various constitutional posts are chosen on the basis of the mandate delivered by the majority of the voters in any election. The elected leader will then proceed to form the government or take charge of the office for a scheduled term (for example, 5 years in case of the Lok Sabha general elections).
There are many types of elections held in our country. You can check out the different types of elections held in India below:
Among the above elections, the Lok Sabha Elections, or more commonly known as the general elections, are considered to be the most important elections in the country. The results of the general elections lead to electing the Prime Minister of the country for a tenure of 5 years. The Prime Minister then appoints his cabinet of ministers who are assigned specific portfolios to be in charge of based on their caliber, area of expertise and experience. The Prime Minister and the cabinet of ministers are charged with the governance of the country and are expected to carry out their duties and responsibilities with utmost regard to the Constitution of India and for the ultimate benefit of the nation and its citizens.
Before the election results are announced, there are many exit polls conducted that predict the outcome of the elections. In majority cases, the exit polls are more or less quite accurate in predicting the outcome of the elections with an expected variation in the exact number of seats that may be won by any political party.
Given below is the example of exit polls that were predicted during the General Elections of 2019.
Source | NDA | UPA | Others |
---|---|---|---|
Republic-C-Voter | 287 | 128 | 127 |
News 18-IPSOS | 336 | 82 | 124 |
Today’s Chanakya | 350 | 95 | 97 |
India Today Axis | 365 | 92 | 80 |
Times Now-VMR | 306 | 132 | 104 |
These were the examples of some exit polls by leading news channels and political analysts that had predicted the result of the 2019 General Elections.
The actual election result for this particular election of 2019 was declared on 23rd May 2019. It was more or less similar to that predicted in the exit polls. NDA did gain a majority of seats in the Lok Sabha but no one had predicted that BJP alone on its own would be able to attain the majority mark to form the government.
The BJP led NDA (National Democratic Front) formed the government in the 17th Lok Sabha and currently holds 395 of the total seats of the Lower House.
Following are some of the major alliance partners of the BJP in the NDA Government.
The election results of the previous Lok Sabha Elections held till date are listed below.
First | Second | Third | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Election | Total seats | Party | Seats | % Votes | Party | Seats | % Votes | Party | Seats | % Votes |
2019 | 17th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 303 | 37.76 | INC | 52 | 19.698 | AITC | 22 | 4.11 |
2014 | 16th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 282 | 31.34% | INC | 44 | 19.52% | AIADMK | 37 | 3.31% |
2009 | 15th Lok Sabha | 545 | INC | 206 | 28.55% | BJP | 116 | 18.80% | SP | 23 | 3.23% |
2004 | 14th Lok Sabha | 543 | INC | 145 | 26.53% | BJP | 138 | 22.16% | CPM | 43 | 5.66% |
1999 | 13th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 182 | 23.75% | INC | 114 | 28.30% | CPM | 33 | 5.40% |
1998 | 12th Lok Sabha | 545 | BJP | 182 | 25.59% | INC | 141 | 25.82% | CPM | 32 | 5.16% |
1996 | 11th Lok Sabha | 543 | BJP | 161 | 20.29% | INC | 140 | 28.80% | JD | 46 | 23.45% |
1991 | 10th Lok Sabha | 521 | INC | 232 | 36.26% | BJP | 120 | 20.11% | JD | 59 | 11.84% |
1989 | 9th Lok Sabha | 529 | INC | 197 | 39.53% | JD | 143 | 17.79% | BJP | 85 | 11.36% |
1984 | 8th Lok Sabha | 514 | INC | 404 | 49.01% | TDP | 30 | 4.31% | CPM | 22 | 5.87% |
1980 | 7th Lok Sabha | 529 (542*) | INC(I) | 351 | 42.69% | JNP(S) | 41 | 9.39% | CPM | 37 | 6.24% |
1977 | 6th Lok Sabha | 542 | JP | 330 | 41.32% | INC | 154 | 34.52% | CPM | 22 | 4.29% |
1971 | 5th Lok Sabha | 518 | INC | 352 | 43.68% | CPM | 25 | 5.12% | CPI | 23 | 4.73% |
1967 | 4th Lok Sabha | 520 | INC | 283 | 40.78% | SWA | 44 | 8.67% | BJS | 35 | 9.31% |
1962 | 3rd Lok Sabha | 494 | INC | 361 | 44.72% | CPI | 29 | 9.94% | SWA | 18 | 7.89% |
1957 | 2nd Lok Sabha | 494 | INC | 371 | 47.78% | CPI | 27 | 8.92% | PSP | 19 | 10.41% |
1951-52 | 1st Lok Sabha | 489 | INC | 364 | 44.99% | CPI | 16 | 3.29% | SOC | 12 | 10.59% |
1. What are exit polls?
Exit polls are predictions of the election results that are conducted by various news agencies along with political analysts and experts.
2. Who won the first Lok Sabha Elections of independent India?
The first Lok Sabha Election of independent India was won by the Indian National Congress under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
3. Who declares the election results?
The elections in the country are conducted by the Election Commission of India and hence they have the authority and responsibility to count the votes and eventually declare the results of the elections.
4. What is the highest percentage of votes ever recorded in Lok Sabha Elections which led to the victory of a political party?
The highest percentage of votes recorded to register a win or victory for a political party was in the 8th Lok Sabha Elections where 49.01% of votes were registered for Indian National Congress leading to their victory.
5. Who is the current Chief Election Commissioner of India?
The current Chief election Commissioner of India is Shri Sunil Arora.
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